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Silene hawaiiensis

Sherff (1949)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Silene

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sprawling shrubs.

Stems: Stems from an enlarged fusiform root, ascending to scandent, 1.5–4 dm long, viscid puberulent to puberulent, especially on younger parts, often swollen at the nodes.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite or whorled. Blades slender, recurved, subulate, 6–15 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm wide. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem. Surfaces puberulent or viscid puberulent especially along margins and toward base. Margins entire. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in narrow, paniculate or sometimes subracemose cymes, puberulent or viscid puberulent throughout. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Pedicels 3–6 mm long. Calyx usually purple or purple–tinged, 5-toothed, 11–14 mm long, faintly 10–nerved, puberulent, +/- viscid, or sometimes glabrous, the lobes acute, sparsely ciliate, with narrow, scarious, ciliate margins. Corolla of 5 petals; petals greenish white above, maroon below, drying completely maroon, blades 4.5–5.5 mm long, deeply cleft, exserted 3–4 mm beyond calyx, base with a 2-lobed appendage, exserted ca. 3 mm beyond calyx. Stamens included to barely exserted beyond calyx. Ovary superior, 1-celled or incompletely 2–4 celled, on a well–developed stipe that is adnate to the staminal filament bases and petal bases (referred to as a carpophore); styles 3(4–5); Carpophore ca. 5 mm long, enlarging to ca. 7–8 mm long in fruit.

Fruit: Capsules oblong–ovoid; 1–celled throughout; 6.5–8 mm long; dehiscent by 6 or rarely 3 apical teeth or valves. Seeds pale brown; irregularly cuneate;0.4– 0.7 mm long; papillose; the faces somewhat depressed.

Ploidy: 2n = 24*

Habitat: Scattered; restricted to primarily open; dry areas on decomposed lava and ash.

Elevation Range: 900–1,300 (–3,050) m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 900-1,300 (-3,050) m.
  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Plants from areas other than Kllauea are somewhat intermediate with Silene struthioloides and they should be studied further. Silene hawaiiensis is closely related to and probably derived from S. struthioloides.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Amer. J. Bot. 36: 501 (1949)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:523 (H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on a rock cliff face, east side of large crater, with moss, Vaccinium and Sporobolus nearby. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 424 Hawaii BISH 12/10/1980
2 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis atropioides, Dubautia, Bidens PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Douglas, P. 24 Hawaii BISH 11/13/1992
3 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 7/1/1911
4 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In loose volcanic cinders, with Dodonaea viscosa, Styphelia tameiameiae, Vaccinium reticulatum, Rumex giganteus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Carlquist, S. 2052 Hawaii BISH 7/24/1966
5 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Steep hillside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 248.h Kauai BISH 6/23/1911
6 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - native shrub - scattered lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 445 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
7 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on `a`a lava. Associated with Pellaea ternifolia, Heterotheca, and grasses; vegetation very sparse. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 605 Hawaii BISH 9/23/1981
8 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Cheirodendron montane wet forest, 80-95% closed, 8-12 m tall canopy, some emergent Metrosieros 20 m tall Psychotria mariniana, Santalum pyruliarium, Bobea brevipes, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, Melicope barbigera, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Sphenomeris chinensis, Doodia kunthiana, Dropt PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 8/15/1929
9 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 1/1/1912
10 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In open mamane forest, exposed area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 699 Hawaii BISH 2/24/1982
11 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 248.H Hawaii BISH 6/23/1911
12 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 1/8/1912
13 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Here and there along coast and in waste areas along Kamehameha Hwy.Vegetation: Java plum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. gustafson, r.; w.c.matin collector number: 4853 Molokai BISH 7/26/1983
14 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on `a`a, about 10-15 plants. Associated with Pellaea ternifolia, Heterotheca and grasses, vegetation very sparse. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 605 Hawaii BISH 9/23/1981
15 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on `a`a lava. Associated with Pellaea ternifolia, Heterotheca, and grasses; vegetation very sparse. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 605 Hawaii BISH 9/23/1981
16 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry mamane-mixed native trees community with exotic grass- native shrub understory. On smooth pahoehoe w/shallow pockets of cindery soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 1836 Hawaii BISH 6/17/1978
17 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. copeland collector number: 12570 Hawaii BISH 7/1/1915
18 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry mamane-mixed native trees community with exotic grass- native shrub understory. On smooth pahoehoe w/shallow pockets of cindery soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 1836 Hawaii BISH 6/17/1978
19 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information native low scrub PRESERVED_SPECIMEN jacobi, j.d. higashino, p.k. collector number: jdj 1200 Oahu BISH 8/10/1980
20 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - native shrub - scattered lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 445 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
21 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Extremely sparse desert community on shifting ash dunes. Plant was in an area with old pahoehoe lava covered with hifting black ash. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 748 Hawaii BISH 9/2/1966
22 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In cinders in drainage areas of lava flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 4853 Hawaii BISH 7/26/1983
23 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 394.H Hawaii BISH 8/3/1911
24 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crosby, M.R. 1962 Hawaii BISH 8/4/1964
25 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Funk, E.J. s.n. Hawaii BISH 3/27/1984
26 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information native trees. Growing in open area; substrate 40% pahoehoe, 60% ash. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Jacobi, J.D. JDJ 1200 Hawaii BISH 8/10/1980
27 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 3138 Oahu BISH 1/21/1981
28 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 8/15/1929
29 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 21396 NY 7/1/1951
30 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information scoria sands PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 611226011 UBC 12/26/1961
31 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 611226093 UBC 12/26/1961
32 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 248.H. Hawaii US 6/23/2011
33 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hawaii US
34 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17155 Hawaii US 7/15/1926
35 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Webster, G. L.; Wilbur, R. L. 1797 Hawaii US 6/18/1948
36 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hawaii US
37 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Douglas, P.; Krohn, V.; Painter, L.; Popolizio, C.; Wager 24 Hawaii US 11/13/1992
38 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. a. eggler 188 Hawaii US 7/24/1965
39 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 248.h. Oahu US 6/23/1911
40 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Eggler, W. A. 188 Hawaii US 7/24/1965
41 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. l. webster & r. l. wilbur 1797 Hawaii US 6/18/1948
42 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN p. douglas, v. krohn, l. painter, c. popolizio & wager 24 Hawaii US 11/13/1992
43 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17155 Hawaii US 7/15/2026
44 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN greenwella, a.; muraslige, t. WIS 10/15/1949
45 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN funk, e.j. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 3/27/1984
46 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on a rock cliff face, east side of large crater, with moss, Vaccinium and Sporobolus nearby. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Cuddihy, L.W.; Anderson,S. Collector Number: 424 Hawaii BISH 12/10/1980
47 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 8/8/1911
48 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Extremely sparse desert community on shifting ash dunes. Plant was in an area with old pahoehoe lava covered with hifting black ash. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 748 Hawaii BISH 9/2/1966
49 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis atropioides, Dubautia, Bidens PRESERVED_SPECIMEN douglas, p. et al. collector number: 24 Hawaii BISH 11/13/1992
50 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In open mamane forest, exposed area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 699 Hawaii BISH 2/24/1982
51 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 394.h Hawaii BISH 8/3/1911
52 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mann, H. 312 Hawaii BISH 2/6/1905
53 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry mamane woodland with mixed grass-native shrub understory PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 3138 Hawaii BISH 1/21/1981
54 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mann, h. brigham, w.t. collector number: 312 Maui BISH
55 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information sand, 20' from highwater mark PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 7/1/1911
56 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crosby, m.r. anderson, w.r. collector number: 1962 Oahu BISH 8/4/1964
57 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crosby, M.R. Anderson, W.R. Collector Number: 1962 Hawaii BISH 8/4/1964
58 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 3/25/1905
59 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 12570 Hawaii BISH 7/1/1915
60 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN A. B. H. Greenwell 21396 F 7/1/1971
61 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 7/1/1911
62 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. b. h. greenwell 21396 F 7/1/1971
63 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information on stone wall among moss PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MSC
64 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In arid, exposed, sun-scorched cinders. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 19828 NY 8/19/1949
65 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steven P. Darwin 1199 Hawaii PTBG 8/10/1975
66 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Pioneer vegetation on a'a lava, Dodonaea-Styphelia shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 978 Hawaii PTBG 6/27/1991
67 Silene hawaiiensis Sherff Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN carlquist, s. collector number: 2052 Hawaii BISH 7/24/1966
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